Note

It is impossible to give here a complete key to the pronunciation of Chinese words. For those who wish to pronounce with approximate correctness the proper names in this volume, the following may be a rough guide:—

a	as in alms.
ê	as u in fun.
i	as ie in thief.
o	as aw in saw.
u	as oo in soon.
ü	as u in French, or ü in German.
[)u]	as e in her.
ai	as aye (yes).
ao	as ow in cow.
ei	as ey in prey.
ow	as o (not as ow in cow).
ch	as ch in church.
chih	as chu in church.
hs	as sh (hsiu = sheeoo).
j	as in French.
ua and uo	as wa and wo.

The insertion of a rough breathing ‘ calls for a strong aspirate.